Japan - Indo Zone

Yakuza long history starting roughly in 1612, when the Tokugawa shogunate and powerful
get rid of the previous shogun. This turnover resulted in approximately 500,000 people
samurai previously called hatomo-yakko (shogun waiter) to lose the host, or
referred to as the ronin.

As the saying goes: "people who only have a hammer tends to see things could be wrong
with dimartil .. ", as well as with the ronin this. Many of them become criminals
and henchmen. They are known as kabuki-mono or eccentric samurai who to manamana urakan
a sword. They talk to each other in slang and secret codes.
There is a high-fidelity among this group of ronin so hard to be liquidated.

Are these people who became ronin Yakuza nerds ...? Not.

To protect the city from the kabuki-mono, many small towns in Japan to form
machi-yokko (village task force). This Task Force consists of traders, officials, and ordinary people
who want to donate energy to deal with the kabuki-mono. Although they
poorly trained and the number is small, but it turned out to machi-yokko members are able to
keeping their areas from attack by kabuki mono. Among the Japanese people to the 17th century -
the machi-yokko is regarded as a hero.

The problem gets complicated, because after a successful roll up the ronin, the members of this yokko machi-
Instead they leave the profession early - and choose to be thugs. This is compounded
Shogun with campurnya participate in maintaining the machi-yokko this. There are two classes of professions
the machi-yokko, namely the Bakuto (gamblers) and Tekiya (traders). The name alone
traders - but in reality, the Tekiya this like cheating and blackmailing neighbor
traders. Even so, these people have a strong kinship systems. There is a strong relationship between
Oyabun (Boss-father) and Kobun (subordinate-child), well-Kohai Senpai (Senior-Junior), which
then be condensed in the Yakuza organization.



The Bakuto (gamblers), has a unique history. Originally they were hired by the Shogun to
gamble against the employees of construction and irrigation. For what ...? In order for the salaries of employees
construction of irrigation and discharged at the gambling table - and their workers could be hired cheaply!

Types of gambling are wont to do is use the card game system Hanafuda
like Black Jack. Three cards are dealt and if the numbers added up the card - then the last digit
show who the winners. Now among the many "bad card", card is numbered 20
The most frequently disumpahi people, because it ends with zero. One configuration of this card is
cards with a value of 8-9-3 - which in Japanese became Ya-Ku-Za - which later became
Yakuza origin of the name.

From this emerged the tradition Bakuto mark themselves with tattoos all over the body (called
irezumi) and yubitsume (cut finger) as a form of remorse or as punishment.
These penalties are symbolic at first - because the segment of the cut makes little finger
the owner of the hand becomes more difficult to hold a sword without hesitation. This has become a symbol
adherence to the leadership.

Time passed, the Bakuto and Tekiya into one identity as the Yakuza. Folk
originally assigned to protect the public - be feared society. Japanese leaders
use this to control society and mobilizing nationalism. Yakuza
recruited by the Japanese government joined in the action in the occupation of Manchuria by Japan and China
1930s. The Yakuza were sent to the region to seize the land, and acquire rights
monopoly as a reward.

Yakuza fortunes changed after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. The military took
hand over the reins of the Yakuza. Yakuza members must ultimately choose whether to join
within the government bureaucracy, the army or go to jail. Pamor virtually Yakuza
drowning.
]

Modern Yakuza

After Japan surrendered, the Yakuza members back into society. Appears one person
succeeded in unifying the entire organization Yakuza. The man was Yoshio Kodame, a exmiliter
with the last rank of Admiral Young (which is reached at age 34 years). Yoshio Kodame
succeeded in unifying the two factions of the Yakuza, the Yamaguchi-gumi, led Kazuo
Taoka, and Tosei-kai, led Hisayuki Machii. Yakuza was a large increase
membership especially in the period 1958-1963 - when the organization had an estimated Yakuza
members of the 184 000 people - or more than members of the Japanese army during
it. Yoshio Kodame godfather of his inauguration as Yakuza.

Ecstasy,Pachinko and illegal business

At present, Yakuza membership is estimated to have declined sharply - but it does not mean
dangerous. The backbone of their illegal business is pachinko, trade ampethamine
(Including ice and ecstasy), prostitution, pornography, blackmail, until the smuggling of weapons.

In the 1980s, Yakuza develop their wings up to America, and come into the
legitimate businesses to launder their money. In operation, the Yakuza to buy assets in the U.S. -
and one who never sticking to the surface is the involvement of Prescott Bush Jr.., brother
from President George Bush and uncle of President George W. Bush Jr.., In a sales transaction
corporate Asset Management International Financing & Settlements in the early 1990s.

Based on a rough estimate of the source of the Far Eastern Economic Review magazine January 17 edition
2002 - Yakuza is estimated to have invested up to USD 50 billion in investments
shares and companies in America. Compare with Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves of USD 36th
Billion.

Domestically, Yakuza also been identified played a role in the downturn of the Japanese economy during
Last 10 years. As a result amblasnya property business and a breakdown of bank credit in Japan
post in 1990 - many debtors who rents to Yakuza members are not confiscated by their collateral
bank. In addition, many companies that obtain bank loans - is basically
kigyo shatei or a doll company have Yakuza. This Yakuza owned company
estimated to earn between USD 300-400 billion loan, and part of that amount
Yakuza flowed to the parent organization. Faced with this kind of thing - the Japanese banks obviously can not
slightly.

On the other hand, members of the Yakuza also often purchase property assets with low prices from
companies that need cash - for resale with a high price - whatever it is starting from
apartments, offices to the hospital. If a building has been purchased by the Yakuza - who
hell who dare to be their neighbor? As a result property prices instantly vanish, and soon rose
immediately after the Yakuza to sell it.

In addition to operating at lower levels, Yakuza also menggurita among Japanese politicians.
Some practices, including bribery have been uncovered in a public project tender program worth
trillions of yen. Japan's bank recapitalization program is not protracted visit completed -
Yakuza involvement exacerbated by a very interested in the property business and credit
banking. Today Japanese banks still bear the burden of bad loans amounting to approximately
USD 1.2 trillion - and make the economy does not grow during the last 10 years